Still Going On

January 3, 2020 was a day that changed life as we know it forever.  You will need to go back and read my last entry to have the basic outline of that crisis because I am going to fill in the blanks with this additional narrative. As they were attempting to save my life, and I was on the brink of oxygen deprivation, I looked at Karrie’s loving and concerned face one last time and she at mine.

Since I could not move a single finger or move my mouth to speak, I hoped somehow my eyes would show my need for help and she could convey this to the emergency room staff.  Somehow she knew and when she said “He can’t get air”, they put a large instrument down my throat and then an intubation tube.  Next I went to ICU and discussions ensued.

Karrie and my soon to be surgeon were discussing the conditions that caused my vocal cord paralysis and from Karrie’s explanation, he knew exactly what Multiple System Atrophy was and how it could stop the body’s ability to get proper signals from the brain thus interfering with a person’s ability to breath.  Thank God for this doctor for whom it all clicked.  Also, my own ENT doctor came to see about the situation and contributed a good deal of information about my brain disease affecting my vocal cords.  It was determined the best route would be a tracheostomy with a feeding PEG tube inserted directly in my stomach to prevent the future reoccurrence of the inability to get oxygen or choking on food and liquid which I had been experiencing severely for years.

As I was then put under heavy anesthesia to keep me safe from removing any tubing, I was put on a ventilator and waited out the weekend for a three day stretch before I could be operated on. The surgeon opened a hole in my trachea and inserted a tracheostomy.  During this time I saw and was aware of very little.  I was fighting for life and at times had to be restrained as I unconsciously would attempt to pull what to me were foreign objects from my mouth.

I had pneumonia and fever following my two simultaneous operations, the trach and the feeding tube insertion into my side.  I contracted a staph infection and they had to check my heart function, which through all of this was doing great.  My sons, our daughters in law, Karrie and my brother and his wife all hoped when I made it out of all this that I would still be me and have my full capacities.  Several close friends came by during my hospitalization, for which I am deeply appreciative.

Some great doctors, nurses and staff did and decided so many best practices that led to my successful surgeries.  Now I had my trach in place and my PEG tube, but I wouldn’t be finished fighting.

Next, I will tell you about my dream state from anesthesia and the delusions that followed me for weeks until the medicine all worked it’s way out of my body.  Also, a few weeks later while at the rehab hospital, I had to be sent out to a nearby hospital to have my dislodged PEG tube replaced through surgery.  I will chronicle these and other accounts with my next blog posting.

As I close, I must add that I had no idea how much my family went through until weeks later when through conversations they helped sort out my dreams from their reality of what actually happened.  I don’t write this account lightly thinking it isn’t hard for my dear ones to relive.  They went through so much worry and wondering if they had lost me.  I am so very thankful for all who stood by me, especially Karrie and our beautiful family. — Dan
“I know the plans I have in mind for you, declares the Lord, they are plans for peace, not disaster, to give you a future filled with hope.”— Jeremiah 29:11 (Common English Bible)

Below:  Karrie in my room at the rehab hospital where we learned about caring for and living with a tracheostomy.

New Drug for MSA in Final Stages?

Today we were given some hope.  I have never had the thought that there is a treatment for some of the symptoms that I have, let alone one of the two syndromes with which I have been diagnosed.  We were visiting my neurologist, who is a Movement Disorder Specialist (a neurologist who specializes in degenerative brain diseases that cause movement abnormalities, such as Parkinson's, MSA, PSP, CBD, etc.), and she explained that there is a new treatment in the final stages of approval and will soon be available for Multiple System Atrophy patients.  She indicated that I am going to be eligible for its use and I feel very excited.

I will do my best to give an idea of what it is, how it was developed and the process that is being utilized to bring it to fruition.  At the conclusion of this brief summary, I will provide a link so that you may read about it further. In the studies utilizing animals, the agent PBT434 was used to target accumulations of iron found in the brains of animals.  This iron builds up and contributes to the clumping of alpha synuclein, the substance that misfolds and destroys brain cells.  This process of misfolding proteins causes clumps known as Lewy Bodies that bring on oxidative stress in Multiple System Atrophy, leading to movement issues that are disabling and contribute to severe disease progression.

The substance has shown the ability to stop neuron loss and improve movement disorder symptoms.  As a result of the studies that have taken place, human trials ensued and are leading toward the potential release of the drug for the treatment of MSA.  As you know I have MSA and Corticobasal Syndrome, two forms of Atypical Parkinsonian disorders that are brain diseases leading to severe disability.

If you would like more information, I have the following links that I have referenced in making this post:

https://www.parkinsonsmovement.com/pbt434-iron/

https://www.empr.com/home/news/drugs-in-the-pipeline/investigational-treatment-for-multiple-system-atrophy-gets-orphan-drug-status/

This is new hope that I have seldom experienced the 13 years I have had the MSA and CBS diagnosis. Thanks for visiting and for reading. -- Patient-Online

I have done some more looking, and a friend of mine let me know that the above drug may be a little further away from realization that I thought.  The one my physician was referring to may have been a different treatment.  I am going to be following up on this blog with more information.  In the meantime, the above looks like it holds promise.  Another being studied and that is further along in the pipeline is found here:
https://www.biohavenpharma.com/investors/news-events/press-releases/02-19-2019

Corticobasal Syndrome Explained in Simple Terms

2 Corinthians 12:9 New International Version (NIV)

⁹ But he said to me, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.” Therefore I will boast all the more gladly about my weaknesses, so that Christ’s power may rest on me.

I have Corticobasal Syndrome or C.B.S.  Formerly, this would have been named Corticobasal Ganglionic Degeneration or C.B.G.D.  Today, Corticobasal Syndrome is the handle given to this illness during the life of the patient because it has to be confirmed pathologically (with an autopsy of the brain tissue) after the passing of the patient.  All Parkinson's Plus Syndromes, Multiple System Atrophy,  Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, Lewy Body Dementia and Corticobasal Syndrome are not diagnosed, absolutely, until a brain study can be completed.  The diagnosis is called "probable" or "possible" during the life of the patient.

So, after 11 years of treatment for Parkinson's Plus-- thought to be probably Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), it has been determined that I do have M.S.A. and also Corticobasal Syndrome.  The reasons are that I have the movement disorder and cognitive symptoms of C.B.S., but I also have the neurologically caused autonomic failure of M.S.A.  I have explained this autonomic failure on this blog before and you can refer back to it in my pages above, the links to previous posts to the right or by reading my book, I Will Go On: Living with a Movement Disorder.  In this post, I will now explain the basics of Coriticobasal Syndrome.


Overview of Corticobasal Syndrome

Corticobasal Syndrome is a movement disorder that is similar to Parkinson's Disease, though faster progressing and includes additional symptomatic issues that are more complicated earlier in the disease process than in Parkinson's Disease.  Parkinson's Disease is similar because it has symptoms known as parkinsonism, which include: 1) tremor, 2)balance problems, 3)stiffness and 4)slowness -- all caused by a degeneration of brain neurons.   Because Coriticobasal Syndrome also involves the Basalganglia (movement control center of the brain and is also involved in Parkinson's) some of the symptoms overlap, thus it is a Parkinson's Plus syndrome. 

That is where the similarity stops.  I do not have Parkinson's and I never have.  From the beginning, my neurologist at the time said, "This is so much more than Parkinson's Disease."

It was thought to be either Progressive Supranuclear Palsy or Shy Drager (an earlier name given to the condition now referred to as Multiple System Atrophy).  Progressive Supranuclear Palsy is a close cousin to Coricobasal Syndrome, so we have been in the right arena over this past decade.  The treatment and care given to me were helpful and would have been the same with either designation.  I would have had the Brain Surgery I had in July 2012 and it would have been considered helpful and effective in giving me better movement and more ability to walk with assistance, rather than being in a wheelchair most of the time, as I had been prior to the Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery.

After brain surgery to implant stimulators in two places in my head, with a brain pacemaker in my chest, I was able to resume playing in the church band for several years along with my son, Mark, shown here on the keys. 

What is Corticobasal Syndrome?

Corticobasal Syndrome is a movement disorder that includes walking trouble, tremors/jerky movements, eye control movement impairment, swallowing difficulty, rigidity and balance trouble.  It also causes Cognitive Changes that affect behavior, speech, mood problems and difficulty planning and concentrating.  It is a form of dementia called, Frontotemporal Dementia, but it is not the same disease as other forms of dementia, such as Alzheimer's Disease (A.D.).  It should not be confused with A.D.


What Causes Corticobasal Syndrome?

It is not clear what causes the degenerative process in the brain of individuals with C.B.S., but what we do know is that there is a specific protein in the brain known as Tau that breaks down creating tangles. These tangles destroy nerve pathways and inhibit the ability of the brain to communicate signals that help us move-- whether it be coordinating movements, walking, talking, grasping, swallowing or seeing. 


What is Alien Limb Syndrome?

One of the symptoms of C.B.S. is a phenomena called alien limb syndrome, where a hand, arm, or leg seems to have a mind of its own, assuming postures and movements that seem alien to the patient's awareness.  Also, there are twisted postures of hands, fingers, arms, neck and/or legs/feet.  These movements may also appear in a jerky unpredictable manner, while a form of tremor in some, it may be less regular and random in its form.  Parkinson's Disease typically, when tremor exists (not all Parkinson's patients have a tremors) it is a slow, regularly patterned tremor that occurs generally during rest.


What is a Taupathy?

The illnesses that are caused by the breakdown of the protein Tau, include: Alzheimer's Disease and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, along with Corticobasal Syndrome.


How is it treated?

C.B.S.  does not have a cure, but there are a number of treatments that may help with symptom relief.  Some of the medicines used for Parkinson's are also given to those with C.B.S., which has been true in my case.  Sinemet is given to help some with rigidity and tremor.  I do receive some benefit from Sinemet.  Other treatments address the cognitive issues and can include medicines used to assist with memory.  Speech therapy can be used to assist with swallowing problems, which has been beneficial in my case.  Swallowing problems have to be combated because they can lead to serious choking and eventual pneumonia.  Falling and gait difficulty require physical therapy and assistive devices such as canes, walkers, wheelchairs and electric scooters.  I use all of the above.  Special lenses may be prescribed to help with the eye movement control problems.  These would be meant to help to prevent double vision.  This eye aiming and movement problem occurs in both Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndrome.  These two syndromes are often confused with one another and a brain study post-mortem is the only way to distinguish which is the correct diagnosis.  Both will show Tau tangles in the brain tissue.


In Summary

Understand that my explanation is from previous study and is by no means a scientific description.  Rather, think of it as a start toward me helping my family and friends gain knowledge about that with which what I am struggling.  I see this as an opportunity to overcome these symptoms and disabling problems to whatever degree is possible through continuing effort and positive forward motion in life.  This is a daily decision and a better choice than sitting down and giving up.  Along with C.B.S., I am fighting the low body temperature regulation problems, the falling blood pressure (orthostatic hypotension), trouble with urination, digestive dysfunction, breathing difficulty, heartbeat irregularities-- all of which are caused by a breaking down of neurons from a different cause than C.B.S.  M.S.A. involves the folding of alpha synuclein protein, rather than Tau tangles.  It is being found that some patients have both proteins causing neurodegeneration.  Diseases aren't fair and don't "leave you alone" because you already struggle with another condition.  There is no rule than you can't get two neurodegenerative diseases. (This link will take you to an article that gives an example of how these two proteins misfolding can work together in the disease process: https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/alpha-synuclein-and-tau-teammates-in-neurodegeneration

Thank you for taking time to read this explanation.  Hopefully, this will help to explain the differences that make my condition an exception to the more common brain illness known as Parkinson's Disease.  Henceforth, I will hope to take part in the effort to bring light to this serious condition known as Corticobasal Syndrome.  I am very thankful for the exceptional Movement Disorder Specialist I am treated by who investigated my brain disease very thoroughly and with all relevant technology and advanced diagnostic techniques.  Special thanks, as always, to my caregiving spouse, Karrie, who loves me and shows such grace and patience in dealing with all of the inabilities and changes that affect her nearly as much as me.  Also, I thank my sons, their spouses and our grandchildren, who are with me frequently, and are helpful and encouraging to me in making the most of every day.  -- Patient-Online